ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the auditory functions and progress of speech development in children with and without cochlear anomalies who underwent cochlear implantation due to prelingual profound sensorineural hearing loss [SNHL]
Methods: This study was conducted at Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine Ear-Nose-Throat Department, between October 2006 and December 2007. A total of 69 children [aged 6 to 24 months] diagnosed with profound SNHL were included. Patients were divided into two groups with respect to the presence of inner ear anomalies: Group-1 consisted of 41 children without inner ear anomaly, whereas Group-2 was composed of 28 patients with inner ear anomalies. The auditory performance was assessed using Listening Progress Profile Test [LPPT] and Monosyllabic Trochee Polysyllabic Test [MTP], the subsections of Evaluation of Auditory Responses to Speech [EARS] test battery
Results: Preoperative LPPT scores were 5 [12%] in both groups. Mean LPPT values after fitting in Group-1 and Group-2 on 1st, 3rd and 6th months were 18.5 [44.1%] and 19 [45.6%]; 27 [64.2%] and 28 [67.3%]; 31 [75%] and 34 [83%], respectively. Postoperatively, MTP scores in Group-1 and Group-2 were 7.5 [62%] and 7.7 [64%] for 3-words set; 10.4 [58%] and 10.6 [59%] for 6-words set; 14.3 [60%] and 14 [59%] for 12-words set, respectively. The rate of stimulation for electrodes was 1345 q/u [quick/unit] in Group-1 and 1310 q/u in Group-2. No statistically significant difference was detected between groups for variables under investigation
Conclusion: Cochlear implantation is an effective treatment in children with prelingual profound SNHL. Auditory performance and advancement of speech are similar for children with and without inner ear anomalies
ABSTRACT
Objective: We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of early [within the first 24 hour from application] endoscopy and colonoscopy in very elderly patients with GIS bleeding
Methods: In this study, 95 patients were included who underwent early endoscopy with the pre-diagnosis of upper GIS bleeding or endoscopy-colonoscopy with the pre-diagnosis of lower GIS bleeding between 2012 and 2016. Endoscopy and colonoscopy procedures were compared in terms of the development of complications, tolerance of procedure, detection of bleeding site, and rate of therapeutic interventions performed for bleeding. In addition, the adequacy of colonoscopy preparation was evaluated
Results: There was no significant difference between endoscopy and colonoscopy on procedural complication [2.1% vs 2.8%] and tolerance rates [81% vs 74.2], [p>0.05]. The bleeding site was detected during endoscopy in 34[56.6%] patients, and an endoscopic intervention was required for 15[25%] of these patients. The bleeding site was detected during colonoscopy in 12[34.3%] patients, and an endoscopic intervention was performed for two [5.7%] patients [p<0.05]. In addition, the colonoscopy procedure was suboptimal in 26 of 35 patients [74.2%] because of poor preparations
Conclusion: Early endoscopy and colonoscopy are safe and well tolerated in very elderly patients with GIS bleeding. Upper GIS endoscopy in this patient population enables the detection of the bleeding site and an endoscopic intervention for the bleeding. However, colonoscopy is insufficient for detecting bleeding sites, and colonoscopic treatment of bleeding sites is difficult because of poor or no preparation in this patient population
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: In bipolar disorder, dysregulation of mood may result from white matter abnormalities that change fiber tract length and fiber density. There are few studies evaluating the white matter microstructural changes in bipolar I patients (BD) with depressive episodes. The present study aimed to evaluate anterior corona radiata in BD patients with depressive episode using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). METHODS: Twenty-one patients with bipolar depression and 19 healthy controls were investigated and groups were matched for age and gender. Diffusion-weighted echoplanar brain images (DW-EPI) were obtained using a 1.5 T MRI scanner. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually placed on directional maps based on principal anisotropy. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of white matter were measured in the anterior corona radiata (ACR) bilaterally by diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS: There was not a significant difference between groups of age and gender (p>0.05). Significantly lower FA was observed in bilateral ACR in bipolar patients with depression compared with healthy individuals. And there is significantly higher ADC values in the left frontal corona radiate in bipolar patients. CONCLUSION: White matter abnormalities can be detected in patients with BD using DTI. The neuropathology of these abnormalities is unclear, but neuronal and axonal loss, myelin abnormalities and reduced white matter fiber density are likely to be relevant.